Mutual aid : a factor of evolution / Pierre KROPOTKINE / Harmondsworth [UK] : Penguin Books (1939)

ISBD Public Mutual aid : a factor of evolution [texte imprimé] / Pierre KROPOTKINE (1842-1921) ; H. L BEALES . - Harmondsworth [UK] : Penguin Books, 1939 . - 239 p ; 18 cm. - (Pelicans; march 1939, A49) . Index. La 1ère p. de titre indique Prince Petr Kropotkin Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : ANIMAUX ; ANTHROPOLOGIE ; ÉTHIQUE ; PHILOSOPHIE:Mutualisme ; SOLIDARITÉ Résumé : Chapter 1 Mutual Aid Among Animals Struggle for existence. -- Mutual Aid -- a law of Nature and chief factor of progressive evolution. -- Invertebrates. -- Ants and Bees -- Birds: Hunting and fishing associations. -- Sociability. -- Mutual protection among small birds. -- Cranes; parrots. Chapter 2 Mutual Aid Among Animals (continued) Migrations of birds.-- Breeding associations. -- Autumn societies. -- Mammals: small number of unsociable species. -- Hunting associations of wolves, lions, etc. -- Societies of rodents; of ruminants; of monkeys. -- Mutual Aid in the struggle for life. -- Darwin's arguments to prove the struggle for life within the species. -- Natural checks to over-multiplication. -- Supposed extermination of intermediate links. -- Elimination of competition in Nature. Chapter 3 Mutual Aid Among Savages Supposed war of each against all. -- Tribal origin of human society. -- Late appearance of the separate family. -- Bushmen and Hottentots. -- Australians, Papuas. -- Eskimos, Aleoutes. -- Features of savage life difficult to understand for the European. -- The Dayak's conception of justice. -- Common law. Chapter 4 Mutual Aid Among the Barbarians The great migrations. -- New organization rendered necessary. -- The village community. -- Communal work. -- Judicial procedure -- Inter-tribal law. -- Illustrations from the life of our contemporaries -- Buryates. -- Kabyles. -- Caucasian mountaineers. -- African stems. Chapter 5 Mutual Aid in the Mediaeval City Growth of authority in Barbarian Society. -- Serfdom in the villages. -- Revolt of fortified towns: their liberation; their charts. -- The guild. -- Double origin of the free mediæval city. -- Self-jurisdiction, self-administration. -- Honourable position of labour. -- Trade by the guild and by the city. Chapter 6 Mutual Aid in the Mediaeval City (continued) Likeness and diversity among the medi&ealig;val cities. -- The craftguilds: State-attributes in each of them. -- Attitude of the city towards the peasants; attempts to free them. -- The lords. -- Results achieved by the mediæval city: in arts, in learning. -- Causes of decay. Chapter 7 Mutual Aid Amongst Ourselves Popular revolts at the beginning of the State-period. -- Mutual Aid institutions of the present time. -- The village community; its struggles for resisting its abolition by the State. -- Habits derived from the village-community life, retained in our modern villages. -- Switzerland, France, Germany, Russia. Chapter 8 Mutual Aid Amongst Ourselves (continued) Labour-unions grown after the destruction of the guilds by the State. -- Their struggles. -- Mutual Aid in strikes. -- Co-operation. -- Free associations for various purposes. -- Self-sacrifice. -- Countless societies for combined action under all possible aspects. -- Mutual Aid in slum-life. -- Personal aid. Conclusion Appendix I Swarms of Butterflies, Dragon-Flies, Etc. II The Ants III Nesting Associations IV Sociability of Animals V Checks to Over-Multiplication VI Adaptations to Avoid Competition VII The Origin of the Family VIII Destruction of Private Property on the Grave IX The Undivided Family X The Origin of the Guilds. XI The Market and the Mediaeval City XII Mutual-Aid Arrangements in the Villages of Netherlands at the Present Day Mention de responsabilité : P. Kropotkin ; with a foreword by H. L. Beales Permalink : https://www.cira.ch/catalogue/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=1040 Titre : Mutual aid : a factor of evolution Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Pierre KROPOTKINE (1842-1921) ; H. L BEALES Editeur : Harmondsworth [UK] : Penguin Books Année de publication : 1939 Collection : Pelicans num. march 1939, A49 Importance : 239 p Format : 18 cm Note générale : Index. La 1ère p. de titre indique Prince Petr Kropotkin Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : ANIMAUX ; ANTHROPOLOGIE ; ÉTHIQUE ; PHILOSOPHIE:Mutualisme ; SOLIDARITÉ Résumé : Chapter 1 Mutual Aid Among Animals Struggle for existence. -- Mutual Aid -- a law of Nature and chief factor of progressive evolution. -- Invertebrates. -- Ants and Bees -- Birds: Hunting and fishing associations. -- Sociability. -- Mutual protection among small birds. -- Cranes; parrots. Chapter 2 Mutual Aid Among Animals (continued) Migrations of birds.-- Breeding associations. -- Autumn societies. -- Mammals: small number of unsociable species. -- Hunting associations of wolves, lions, etc. -- Societies of rodents; of ruminants; of monkeys. -- Mutual Aid in the struggle for life. -- Darwin's arguments to prove the struggle for life within the species. -- Natural checks to over-multiplication. -- Supposed extermination of intermediate links. -- Elimination of competition in Nature. Chapter 3 Mutual Aid Among Savages Supposed war of each against all. -- Tribal origin of human society. -- Late appearance of the separate family. -- Bushmen and Hottentots. -- Australians, Papuas. -- Eskimos, Aleoutes. -- Features of savage life difficult to understand for the European. -- The Dayak's conception of justice. -- Common law. Chapter 4 Mutual Aid Among the Barbarians The great migrations. -- New organization rendered necessary. -- The village community. -- Communal work. -- Judicial procedure -- Inter-tribal law. -- Illustrations from the life of our contemporaries -- Buryates. -- Kabyles. -- Caucasian mountaineers. -- African stems. Chapter 5 Mutual Aid in the Mediaeval City Growth of authority in Barbarian Society. -- Serfdom in the villages. -- Revolt of fortified towns: their liberation; their charts. -- The guild. -- Double origin of the free mediæval city. -- Self-jurisdiction, self-administration. -- Honourable position of labour. -- Trade by the guild and by the city. Chapter 6 Mutual Aid in the Mediaeval City (continued) Likeness and diversity among the medi&ealig;val cities. -- The craftguilds: State-attributes in each of them. -- Attitude of the city towards the peasants; attempts to free them. -- The lords. -- Results achieved by the mediæval city: in arts, in learning. -- Causes of decay. Chapter 7 Mutual Aid Amongst Ourselves Popular revolts at the beginning of the State-period. -- Mutual Aid institutions of the present time. -- The village community; its struggles for resisting its abolition by the State. -- Habits derived from the village-community life, retained in our modern villages. -- Switzerland, France, Germany, Russia. Chapter 8 Mutual Aid Amongst Ourselves (continued) Labour-unions grown after the destruction of the guilds by the State. -- Their struggles. -- Mutual Aid in strikes. -- Co-operation. -- Free associations for various purposes. -- Self-sacrifice. -- Countless societies for combined action under all possible aspects. -- Mutual Aid in slum-life. -- Personal aid. Conclusion Appendix I Swarms of Butterflies, Dragon-Flies, Etc. II The Ants III Nesting Associations IV Sociability of Animals V Checks to Over-Multiplication VI Adaptations to Avoid Competition VII The Origin of the Family VIII Destruction of Private Property on the Grave IX The Undivided Family X The Origin of the Guilds. XI The Market and the Mediaeval City XII Mutual-Aid Arrangements in the Villages of Netherlands at the Present Day Mention de responsabilité : P. Kropotkin ; with a foreword by H. L. Beales Permalink : https://www.cira.ch/catalogue/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=1040

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